Business
Private 5G networks to help India achieve Industry 4.0 goals: BIF

As India takes baby steps towards 5G, leading industry body Broadband India Forum (BIF) said on Thursday that private 5G networks would be crucial for the enterprises to augment efficiencies, enhance productivity and march towards Industry 4.0.
Meant for non-public use, Private 5G Networks are not about Public Data and Voice networks working inside private/captive campuses as is being alluded to and misunderstood in certain quarters.
“India needs higher efficiencies in verticals like manufacturing, healthcare, education, agriculture, financial inclusion and many others to accelerate the process of digital transformation. This can best be achieved only through the use of Private 5G Networks,” said the BIG in a position paper.
Private 5G Networks are about the deployment of high speed, enhanced data capacity, and ultra-low latency applications inside a closed manufacturing unit, hospital, airport, shipping port, etc.
“Since none of these applications are working in India at present, claims to be able to deliver these features through public networks are unsubstantiated,” said the paper.
For example, a Maruti or an Apollo would know its system and requirements far better than anyone else, and therefore, would be able to customise and design the network and applications accordingly.
A Public Telecom Network set up by a telecom licensee would necessarily have to be one which optimises the various needs of the masses.
“It would not be in a position to meet specific enterprise higher and specific SLAs (service-level agreements) that are characteristic of specific industry verticals. For example, the needs and requirements would be quite different of a Maruti-Suzuki automotive factory from that of an Apollo Hospital or of an IIT Delhi campus, and so on,” said the industry body.
Most of the revenues of the telcos are external and that remains completely untouched and, hence, they remain protected as do the government revenues.
“The Non-Public Networks or Private Networks constitute additional revenue streams for the telcos and the government. This revenue stream has not yet been tapped,” said the BIF.
There would be no revenue loss to the government on account of direct spectrum allocation for private 5G networks to enterprises, as they shall purchase the spectrum at a price to be fixed by the government and allocated administratively.
“Enterprises who will be permitted to set up Private Networks would have to acquire a Special CPWN License and would be required to pay License Fee. So, under no count does the government stand to lose revenues, as is being apprehended in some quarters,” read the position paper.
It is a misconception that Private 5G Networks would lead to revenue losses for the telcos, as expressed by certain entities.
“In fact, a more efficient captive network through Private 5G would lead to increased productivity for the enterprise, which would help grow business activities/external communications, thereby driving better revenues for the TSPs (technical service providers). New enhanced revenue streams could flow to the telcos,” according to the BIF paper.
It needs to be clearly understood that Private Networks would not be addressing the retail market and they would need the dedicated spectrum within the local campus only and the same spectrum if required, can be reused elsewhere.
Only a limited amount of spectrum (about 100 MHz, depending on the specific spectrum bands) would be required and is to be used/deployed within the geographical boundaries of the premises (with specific lat-longs) and not in the entire LSA/Circle.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), after significant deliberations, has considered that Captive Wireless Private Networks are not Public Networks, have no market customers, and are limited to a specific location.
Thus, TRAI has most appropriately recommended that the spectrum is to be assigned administratively, in line with global practices.
As India gears up for the 5G spectrum auction, the TRAI is aiming to enable the framework for enterprises to build their own private networks.
Leading industry bodies have hailed the TRAI recommendations of around 35-40 per cent cut in the reserve price for 5G spectrum for mobile services, terming it historic and which can finally put India on the world 5G map.
The telecom regulator has put forward a mega auction plan valued at over Rs 7.5 trillion at the base price allocated over 30 years.
The entire gamut of available spectrum in 600 MHz, 700 MHz, 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2300 MHz, 2500 MHz, 3300-3670 MHz and 24.25-28.5 GHz spectrum bands has been recommended by the TRAI to be put to auction.
In future auctions, the access spectrum will be assigned for a period of 30 years as against 20 years now.
Business
FIIs return to Indian markets, pump in over Rs 10,000 crore in October

Mumbai, Oct 16: After months of selling, foreign investors seem to be regaining confidence in Indian stock markets as the data from NSDL shows that between October 7 and October 14, Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) were net buyers in five of the last seven trading sessions, purchasing shares worth over Rs 3,000 crore in the secondary market.
Their buying in the primary market was even stronger, crossing Rs 7,600 crore, as per the data.
Provisional data from the NSE also indicates that FIIs continued their buying streak on October 15, adding another Rs 162 crore.
This renewed buying interest has come alongside a steady rise in key market indices.
Since the beginning of October, both the Sensex and Nifty have gained around 3 per cent, while the BSE MidCap index has climbed 3.4 per cent and the SmallCap index has advanced 1.7 per cent.
The sudden shift in foreign fund flows has surprised many market watchers. Some analysts see this as a short-term rebound, while others believe it reflects improving corporate earnings prospects and stabilising economic conditions in India.
This turnaround is a sharp contrast to the heavy outflows seen earlier this year. From January to September 2025, FIIs sold more than Rs 2 lakh crore worth of shares in the secondary market.
This happened even as the Reserve Bank of India and the government took several steps to support growth, including GST rate cuts, a steep repo rate reduction in June, and an upgrade in India’s sovereign credit rating by S&P.
During that time, Indian markets lagged behind global peers. The Sensex and Nifty rose only about 3 per cent, while the MidCap and SmallCap indices fell 3 per cent and 4 per cent, respectively.
Now, sentiment is improving on hopes of a possible India–US trade deal amid growing US–China tensions.
Expectations of a US Federal Reserve rate cut later this month are also fueling optimism, as it could bring more liquidity into emerging markets and commodities.
Experts believe India remains an attractive investment destination for global investors, supported by a weaker rupee, relatively modest valuations, and expectations of double-digit earnings growth for Nifty companies in the second half of FY26.
Business
Sensex, Nifty open higher on positive global cues

Mumbai, Oct 15: Indian stock markets opened on a positive note on Wednesday, taking cues from the upbeat global sentiment.
The Sensex climbed 243 points, or 0.30 per cent, to trade at 82,273, while the Nifty rose 79 points, or 0.31 per cent, to start the day at 25,225.
Commenting on the Nifty’s technical outlook, experts said that though the 20-day SMA stepped in yesterday, to limit the extent of the drop, we prefer to give more weightage to the bearish engulfing pattern, thus acknowledging the prevailing bearish bias.
“Meanwhile, we remain equally prepared to switch sides, if Nifty manages to push beyond 25230. However, we will wait for a break beyond 25330 to play directional upsides,” they added..
Buying was seen across most sectors, with heavyweights like Bajaj Finserv, Bajaj Finance, NTPC, L&T, Power Grid, BEL, Bharti Airtel, Trent, and Asian Paints leading the gains. These stocks moved up by as much as 1.2 per cent in early trade.
However, some pressure was seen in select counters such as Tech Mahindra, Axis Bank, Infosys, and Titan Company, which slipped up to 1.2 per cent.
In the broader market, the Nifty MidCap index gained 0.38 per cent, while the Nifty SmallCap index advanced 0.20 per cent — indicating a positive trend beyond the frontline indices.
Among sectoral indices, Nifty IT and Financial Services rose 0.6 per cent each, while PSU Bank and Realty indices also traded higher — reflecting a broadly optimistic market mood.
Experts said that investors are likely to track global market trends, crude oil prices, and institutional flows for further direction.
“In the current environment of heightened volatility and mixed market cues, traders are advised to maintain a cautious “buy-on-dips” approach, particularly when using leverage,” analysts said.
“Booking partial profits during rallies and maintaining tight trailing stop-losses is recommended to manage risk. Fresh long positions should be considered only if the Nifty sustains above the 25,300 mark,” they added.
Business
Explained: EPFO overhauls withdrawal rules to boost transparency, ease access for 30 crore members

New Delhi, Oct 14: The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) has restructured its partial withdrawal regulations, combining 13 distinct clauses into three main categories: Essential Needs, Housing Needs, and Special Circumstances. This change aims to make it easier to access provident fund savings.
For the nearly 30 crore members who collectively own a corpus of about Rs 30 lakh crore, the reform aims to make the withdrawal process quicker, simpler, and more transparent.
The revised framework, referred to as EPFO 3.0, has standardised withdrawal limits.
Depending on the goal, members can now access up to 100 per cent of their eligible provident fund balance, which includes employer and employee contributions. However, at least 25 per cent of the EPF balance needs to stay in the account in order to maintain a safety net for retirement.
This implies that members can keep the required balance while withdrawing up to 75 per cent of their total corpus.
Additionally, the new regulations standardise the requirements for services. In the past, there were specific requirements for each type of withdrawal, such as five years of service for housing purposes and seven years for marriage-related withdrawals.
All partial withdrawals are now subject to a single 12-month minimum service period, which streamlines the procedure and removes any ambiguity.
Members will no longer need to provide documentation of their withdrawals under the “Special Circumstances” category, which is a significant relaxation. In the past, withdrawals under this heading required proof of emergencies, such as natural disasters or job loss.
The new clause, which permits members to leave without giving a reason, is anticipated to reduce red tape and expedite approvals.
The EPFO has also increased the withdrawal limits for marriage and education-related withdrawals. Instead of the previous cap of three combined withdrawals, members can now make up to 10 withdrawals for education and five for marriage.
Stricter guidelines for final settlements are also introduced by the reforms, though. In contrast to the previous two-month eligibility window, members can now only apply for an early final settlement 12 months after quitting their job and for pension withdrawal 36 months later.
In the event of a job loss, the 25 per cent minimum balance requirement only applies to partial withdrawals; it does not apply to full settlements.
While it is anticipated that the simplified framework will increase efficiency and transparency, workers who are laid off or have experienced extended periods of unemployment may find it difficult to obtain their provident fund savings immediately during a time when they may need it most, due to the revised settlement timelines.
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