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Pakistan was responsible for exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from Valley

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The 1971 India-Pakistan war was a watershed moment in the ties between the two nations. On June 27, 1972, on the eve of his departure for then Simla for talks with Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, Pakistan President Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in a broadcast on Radio Pakistan said: “The war we have lost was not of our making. I had warned against it but my warning fell on deaf ears of a power drunk Junta. They recklessly plunged our people into the war and involved us in an intolerable surrender which lost us half our country.”

It took seven years and a coup d’etat for the Pakistani army to reassert itself; and with its recapture of power began a policy of trying to avenge 1971, not by war, but by chipping away at India with a proxy war.

In 1983, the National Conference in Jammu & Kashmir won a second landslide in state elections. But their leader and Chief Minister, Farooq Abdullah, fell out with Indira Gandhi, who used her constitutional levers to dismiss his government the following year.

When Abdullah subsequently patched up with Indira Gandhi, many of his supporters disapproved of the reconciliation. Thus, when fresh elections took place in Jammu & Kashmir in 1987, a significant segment of the National Conference’s traditional voters turned against them.

The outcome, though, did not reflect this. In others words, it is widely believed the results were rigged. The parties that suffered went on to constitute the separatist All Party Hurriyat Conference.

In February 1989, Soviet troops withdrew from Afghanistan. People in India-controlled Kashmir were pummelled with the propaganda that if Pakistan could have defeated the Soviet Union, Indian soldiers would be no match for their Pakistani counterparts in the event of an invasion by the Pakistan army.

Thus, even pro-India Kashmiris became nervous and felt it was better to be on the right side of such a war than the wrong one. It is in this fertile atmosphere of alienation and fear that an uprising occurred in August 1989 in Indian-controlled Kashmir.

During the 1988 to 1992 presidency of George Bush Senior, the US administration placed Pakistan on a watch list of countries potentially sponsoring terrorism, without definitively designating it as a state sponsor of terrorism.

I asked a senior American diplomat posted in Islamabad what persuaded Bush to issue such a caution. He replied, the President had “credible evidence” to do so.

I probed the diplomatist further. He revealed US satellites had picked up movement of Pakistani army trucks delivering weapons close to the Line of Control with India in Kashmir. The weapons had been supplied by western countries to Pakistan for distribution to the Afghan Mujahideen. Instead, they were diverted to Kashmir.

That was the genesis of a proxy war, which included intimidating Kashmiri Pandits and effectively triggering their exodus from the Valley.

During negotiations at the Simla summit, Bhutto floated the idea of the Line of Control in Kashmir being converted into a “Line of Peace”.

General Pervez Musharraf’s formula in 2006 was broadly along similar lines. But then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s government ultimately found it difficult to trust a man who was instrumental for the Kargil intrusion in 1999.

It has been the belief in the power structure in Pakistan that militancy in India-controlled Kashmir is justified. However, as the European Union has laid down, where there’s an opportunity to enter office through the ballot box – as there was up to 2019 – violence is unjustified.

The Election Commission of India has largely ensured fair elections in Jammu & Kashmir since the 1990s. In India’s northeastern states, separatist parties have fought elections and formed governments.

The Scottish National Party has achieved the same in Britain. Sinn Fein, which believes in Northern Ireland breaking away from Britain and merging with the Republic of Ireland, has been a constituent in the ruling coalition in Northern Ireland.

The legitimacy of fissiparous forces in Jammu & Kashmir can only be established by them, proving that they indeed enjoy majority support.

In the one and only opinion survey carried out on both sides of the Line of Control in Kashmir — by King’s College London and Chatham House in 2010 — 44 per cent of people in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir wanted independence as opposed to 43 per cent in India-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. Two per cent of people in India-controlled Jammu & Kashmir wanted to join Pakistan, compared to 1 per cent of people in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir.

Such figures may have changed. But India and Pakistan are obliged to sort out their disputes under the Simla Agreement, which states, “The two countries are resolved to settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations.”

This Agreement is registered as a Treaty with the United Nations under Article 102 of the UN Charter. Therefore, it is binding on both nations.

National News

Imran Masood, Chandrashekhar Azad criticise UP govt after SC quashes NSA detention in Sambhal case

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New Delhi, Sep 29: Following the Supreme Court’s decision to quash the preventive detention of Mulla Afroz under the National Security Act (NSA) in connection with the November 2024 Sambhal violence, Congress MP Imran Masood and Aazad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) president Chandrashekhar Azad on Tuesday criticised the Uttar Pradesh government.

The Supreme Court held that the power of preventive detention had been illegally exercised and imposed costs of Rs 10 lakh on the Uttar Pradesh government. The court also set aside the Allahabad High Court order that had upheld the detention.

Speaking to media, Masood said, “It has not only been quashed. Please read the complete news. Along with quashing the NSA, a fine of Rs 10 lakh has also been imposed on the state government.”

“Officials should understand that the agenda they are pursuing with their eyes closed will eventually lead to files reaching the Supreme Court and could send them behind bars. The Saharanpur mosque case will also come up in the same manner,” he said.

Masood further said, “There are documents that are speaking for themselves. You cannot hide those documents. Demolishing mosques and persecuting people based on religion goes against the Indian Constitution. The same Constitution that gives you the authority to hold office also guarantees the protection of our rights.”

Aazad Samaj Party president and Nagina MP, Chandrashekhar Azad, said the Rs 10 lakh cost imposed by the Supreme Court was inadequate.

“A Rs 10 lakh fine is too little. The government and police send innocent people to jail on the government’s orders, and when the judiciary imposes a fine on them, it is only Rs 10 lakh. In my view, the fine should have been Rs 10 crore,” he said.

Azad alleged that the NSA was being used to suppress opposition voices and silence cases, adding that he had himself been detained under the law.

“I am sitting before you today after the government detained me under the NSA despite me being innocent. I was kept in jail for 16 months,” he said.

“The government wants to suppress voices of opposition and silence cases through the NSA. The people will not be suppressed either. When the people and the state stand up, they will remove this government from power,” he added.

The Supreme Court’s ruling came on a petition filed by Mulla Afroz, who was arrested in connection with the Sambhal violence.

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National News

Four killed, eight injured in two accidents on Delhi-Mumbai Expressway in MP

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Ratlam, Sep 29: At least four people were killed and eight others injured in two separate road accidents on the Delhi-Mumbai Expressway in Madhya Pradesh’s Ratlam district on Tuesday, police said.

The accidents occurred within a span of about two hours on the eight-lane expressway under the jurisdiction of Jaora Industrial police station, with both cars plunging into a 30-40 feet deep gorge after hitting the central median.

The first accident took place around 4:30 a.m. when a car carrying a family from Punjab, travelling from Ambala in Haryana to Mumbai, hit the median railing.

The vehicle broke through a portion of the railing and fell into the gorge, police said. Narendra Kaur (67) and her daughter-in-law Manpreet Kaur (32), both from Punjab, died in the accident. Three other occupants, including an elderly man and two children, were injured.

“Prima facie, it appears that the driver may have become drowsy while driving at high speed and lost control of the vehicle, causing it to hit the railing,” Jaora Industrial police station in-charge Prakash Gadariya said.

Police reached the spot after receiving information from other motorists and shifted the injured to a hospital in Jaora.

They were later referred to Ratlam Medical College for further treatment. While police personnel were examining the site of the first accident, another car carrying a family from Dahod in Gujarat met with an accident around 6:30 a.m., police said.

The second vehicle, bearing registration number GJ20 CB 4610, reportedly went airborne after hitting the central median and fell into the gorge.

The railing at the spot had been damaged in the first accident. Ravi Hatila (35), who was driving the second car, and Ramesh Makwana (50), both from Dahod, were killed. Four to five other occupants of the vehicle were injured.

“The railing had been damaged in the first accident, and while our personnel were conducting an inspection at the spot, the second car hit the median and fell into the gorge,” Gadariya said.

The Gujarat family was returning to Dahod after travelling to Uttar Pradesh for medical treatment of a family member.

Police have launched an investigation into the circumstances surrounding both accidents, including the condition of the road infrastructure and the factors that led to the vehicles losing control.

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Crime

Two killed as speeding SUV hits e-scooter in UP’s Moradabad, driver flees

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Moradabad, Sep 29: Two men were killed after a speeding SUV collided with their e-scooter, sending it flying, in Uttar Pradesh’s Moradabad on Tuesday, officials said.

According to the preliminary information, a speeding SUV struck the e-scooter carrying the two friends, resulting in a fatal accident. The force of the collision was such that the e-scooter was hurled away, leaving both riders critically injured. They later succumbed to their injuries.

Following the accident, police reached the spot and took the bodies into custody. The bodies were subsequently sent for post-mortem examinations as part of the investigation into the incident.

The driver of the SUV allegedly fled from the spot after abandoning the vehicle. Police have taken the SUV into custody and brought it to the police station for further investigation.

The vehicle is reportedly owned by Mohammad Naveed, a resident of the Civil Lines police station area. Police are investigating the circumstances surrounding the accident and are also working to establish the identity and whereabouts of the person who was driving the SUV at the time of the collision.

The deceased have been identified as Mohammad Rihan and Abuzar, both residents of Salempur village under the Kanth police station area of Moradabad.

News of the deaths left the families of the two young men devastated. Relatives and other family members were inconsolable following the fatal accident, while the families have demanded strict action against the person responsible for the crash.

According to Rihan’s family, he had been working in Dubai and was scheduled to return there, with his flight booked for October 1. The family said that he was the sole earning member of the household and that his father has been unwell.

A family member expressed anguish over the circumstances of the accident and demanded action against the SUV driver.

“The SUV rider may be a wealthy man, but what about them? The light of our home is gone,” the family member said.

The incident has once again raised concerns over road accidents involving speeding SUVs in Moradabad. Locals pointed out that this was not the first such incident in the district in recent days.

Just three days ago, an SUV allegedly hit an e-rickshaw that was parked on the roadside in the Kundarki police station area. The earlier incident also resulted in a fatality, adding to concerns over road safety and reckless driving in the area.

Meanwhile, in a road accident reported from Chandigarh earlier on Tuesday, an SUV being driven by a woman collided with a motorcycle near the bridge close to Dhanas Lake, leaving two people injured.

The two injured persons, who were travelling on the motorcycle when the collision took place, were subsequently taken to a hospital for treatment. Their condition was not immediately known.

Police took both the SUV and the motorcycle into custody as part of the investigation.

Police in both incidents are examining the circumstances surrounding the respective collisions.

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