National News
ISRO Launches X-Ray Polarimeter Satellite From First Launch-Pad, SDSC-SHAR In Sriharikota

Sriharikota: India Began 2024 with PSLV rocket lifting off with XPoSat Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh). On the first day of the calendar year 2024, India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-C58 (PSLV-C58) on Monday morning lifted off with the country’s X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) with 10 other payloads.
The 44.4-metre tall PSLV-C58 rocket with a lift off mass of 260 ton carrying XPoSat and 10 other experimental payloads on its fourth stage blasted off from the first launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) here at 9.10 a.m. Slowly rising up towards the skies with a thick orange flame at its tail, the rocket gained speed with a sound resembling rolling thunder and went up and up leaving a thick plume while the people assembled at the viewing gallery clapped their hands with pride. Interestingly, this is the first space mission for ISRO on January 1 for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
Procedure after 21 minutes into flight of rocket
At about 21 minutes into its flight, the rocket will orbit XPoSat at an altitude of about 650 km. Subsequently, the rocket’s fourth stage will be restarted twice to reduce the orbit into a 350 km circular orbit to maintain in 3-axis stabilised mode for Orbital Platform (OP) experiments.
The PSLV Orbital Experimental Module-3 (POEM-3) experiment will be executed, meeting the objective of 10 identified payloads, supplied by the ISRO and the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), the Indian space agency said.
In its normal configuration, the PSLV is a four-stage/engine expendable rocket powered by solid and liquid fuels, alternatively, with six booster motors strapped onto the first stage to give higher thrust during the initial flight moments.
ISRO’s five types of rockets
The ISRO has five types of PSLV rockets — Standard, Core Alone, XL, DL, and QL. The major difference between them is the use of strap-on boosters which, in turn, largely depends on the weight of the satellites to be orbited.
The PSLV uses 6,4,2 solid rocket strap-on motors to augment the thrust provided by the first stage in PSLV-XL, QL & DL variants, respectively. However, strap-ons are not used in the core-alone version (PSLV-CA). The XPoSat is the first dedicated scientific satellite from the ISRO to carry out research in space-based polarisation measurements of X-ray emission from celestial sources. The satellite configuration is modified from the IMS-2 bus platform.
Three objectives of XPoSat
The configuration of the mainframe systems is derived based on the heritage of IRS satellites. It carries two payloads, namely POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays) and XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing). The POLIX is realised by the Raman Research Institute and XSPECT is by the Space Astronomy Group of the U.R. Rao Satellite Centre (URSC).
According to the ISRO, the three objectives of XPoSat are: (a) To measure polarisation of X-rays in the energy band 8-30keV emanating from about 50 potential cosmic sources through Thomson Scattering by POLIX payload. (b) To carry out long-term spectral and temporal studies of cosmic X-ray sources in the energy band 0.8-15keV by XSPECT payload and (c) To carry out polarisation and spectroscopic measurements of X-ray emissions from cosmic sources by POLIX and XSPECT payloads, respectively, in the common energy band.
Passivation of PS4
After orbiting the XPoSat in 650km, the rocket’s fourth stage — PS4 stage — will be lowered to 350km, about 9.6 deg orbit, by restarting it twice. The left-out propellant in the PS4 will be disposed of through the main engines as a precursor to enabling the safety of the PS4 stage in atmosphere re-entry experiments planned in future. The oxidiser will be let out first followed by fuel in a predetermined sequence of operations. The existing scheme of spent stage passivation by venting the tank pressure will also be active.
Post passivation of PS4, the control of the stage is transferred to the POEM Avionics, the ISRO added. The POEM is configured as a 3-axis stabilised orbital platform for conducting experiments to space qualify systems with novel ideas. The PS4 Stage Orbital Platform Electrical power requirements are catered by a Flexible Solar Panel in conjunction with 50Ah Li-Ion battery in battery tied configuration.
Navigation process
The orbital platform consists of avionic systems to take care of navigation, guidance, control and telecommands and Orbital Platform Attitude Control System to cater to control of the platform to test the payloads, the ISRO said. The 10 payloads are from Take Me 2 Space, LBS Institute Technology for Women, K J Somaiya Institute of Technology, Inspecity Space Labs Private Ltd, Dhruva Space Private Ltd, Bellatrix Aerospace Private Ltd (two payloads) and three payloads from the ISRO.
National News
Mumbai: 2 People Injured After Fire Breaks Out At Residential Building In Goregaon; Probe Underway

Mumbai: Two persons were injured in a fire that broke out in the early hours of Wednesday at a residential building in Goregaon West. The fire was extinguished within half an hour. The cause of the fire is under investigation.
The incident occurred at Atul CHS Ltd., Siddharth Nagar, near Vivek College, and was reported at 3:53 AM to the Mumbai Fire Brigade (MFB). The fire was confined to room No. 203 on the second floor of a stilt plus seven-storey building.
It damaged electrical wiring and installations, an AC unit, household items, wooden furniture, mattresses, a bed, and books, said fire official.
Firefighting teams successfully extinguished the blaze by 4:15 AM. Medical sources from Kokilaben Hospital confirmed that two residents, Rameela Saha (65) and Krunal Saha (40), suffered from smoke inhalation. Both were admitted to the emergency ward and are reported to be in stable condition.
National News
Mumbaikars Warn Authorities About Protests To Save Over 700 Trees Proposed To Be Cut For MMRDA’s ₹2,682 Crore Elevated Road From Ghatkopar To Thane

Mumbai: Mumbaikars have warned to hit the streets to save over 700 trees along the Eastern Express Highway (EEH), which are proposed to be axed to make way for Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority’s (MMRDA) Rs 2,682 crore elevated road between Ghatkopar and Thane. Greens have expressed resentment against the removal of such a large number of trees, many of which are the highly admired rosy trumpet trees.
Motorists travelling between Ghatkopar and Thane through the EEH during winter get to observe the beautiful sight of pink flowers blooming in large numbers on the trees on both sides of the highway near Vikhroli.
The tabebuia rosea, commonly known as rosy trumpet, witnesses the blooming of pink flowers once a year and provides a feel of Japan’s cherry blossom trees. These trees become a major attraction point for commuters on the stretch during winter.
However, Mumbaikars might soon miss the sight of these pink trees as around 706 trees along EEH, including these rare trees, are likely to be cut down by Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) to make way for MMRDA’s three-lane elevated road spanning almost 13km to connect Ghatkopar’s Chheda Nagar with Thane’s Anand Nagar at a cost of Rs 2,682 crore.
The BMC has identified around 706 trees across N ward, T ward and S ward, and has put up notices on them, inviting suggestions and objections from citizens. Around 315 of these trees are likely to be cut permanently while the others will be transplanted.
Mumbaikars are opposing the civic body’s plan to axe the trees by writing to the authorities, making social media posts and signing an online petition. An online petition created by Naheed Contractor, opposing the cutting of trees, had received more than 2,200 signatures till Tuesday evening.
“This is a 12km stretch that is going to be affected and anyway the green patches that we once had are fading away slowly. We cannot remove over 700 trees just for another lane of cars to jam the highway,” read the petition.
Green activists have also condemned the plan of cutting the trees and demanded that the civic body should stress on replantation and pre-plantation of trees.
Subhajit Mukherjee, founder of Mission Green Mumbai, said, “It is our helplessness that we have to cut trees in the land starved city of Mumbai to fulfil the responsibility for people’s survival through infrastructure. However, the BMC is not putting any efforts in replantation and pre-plantation of trees being axed. There is no will to act in this direction and that is the reason that over one lakh trees are currently affected in the city due to over 4,000 redevelopment projects.”
A few greens have also warned of hitting the streets to protect the streets as they have called the plan unacceptable. “We have already lost a lot of trees to metro projects and now we cannot let them cause such a big destruction. This way, it seems that they are on a run to chop down all the trees in Mumbai. Building more roads to reduce traffic has never worked in this city and still they keep on destroying green spaces. We will write our objections to the BMC and will even hit the streets if they plan to go ahead,” said Natasha Perreira, a green activist from Bandra.
On Tuesday, morning walkers hugged the trees in a symbolic ‘Chipko Movement’ to oppose the notices put up by BMC regarding the cutting of trees.
National News
Mumbai Weather Update: Rain & Thunderstorms To Return To City From Oct 16, But Heat Likely To Persist

Mumbai: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast a revival of rainfall and thunderstorms in Mumbai starting Thursday, bringing brief relief from the dry spell but little respite from the prevailing October heat. According to the IMD, light to moderate showers accompanied by thunderstorm activity are likely to continue until October 20.
Despite the expected rainfall, temperatures across the city are not likely to drop majorly, with daytime highs forecast to remain above 35°C through the week. On Tuesday, Mumbai was the second-warmest city in Maharashtra after Ratnagiri. IMD data showed Ratnagiri recording 35.5°C, while the Santacruz observatory logged 35.3°C, about 1.6°C above normal. The Colaba coastal observatory registered a maximum of 33.7°C.
Meteorologists attribute the current weather pattern to the northeastern monsoon currents, which typically bring rainfall to southern India but occasionally extend their influence westward during transition periods. The unseasonal showers are expected to be patchy but may persist intermittently over the weekend.
Neighbouring Palghar district has been placed under a yellow alert for Friday, with the IMD warning of possible thunderstorms and gusty winds. Independent weather observer Rushikesh Agre aka Mumbai Rains wrote on X that several parts of western Maharashtra will begin experiencing daily rainfall from midweek. “Pune is likely to get showers from October 15 onwards, while Mumbai will also join soon, with good chances of rain from October 16,” he said.
While the incoming rain may provide temporary relief from the parched conditions that followed the withdrawal of the southwest monsoon on October 10, meteorologists caution that the combination of heat and moisture could make the city’s weather more uncomfortable. The rainfall is expected to raise humidity levels, resulting in muggy conditions and sticky nights across the coastal belt.
Meanwhile, air quality across Mumbai remained in the ‘moderate’ category on Wednesday morning, with the city’s overall Air Quality Index (AQI) measured at 138. Of the 28 monitoring stations across the city, only three recorded ‘satisfactory’ air quality, while Bandra Kurla Complex and Deonar registered ‘poor’ AQI levels above 200.
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