Business
This is why India’s consumer market is a $1 trillion investment opportunity
The fundamentals of the Indian economy remain strong, as RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das recently stated. India’s growth rate is among the fastest in the world, retail inflation has moderated, buffer food stocks are abundant, forex reserves are substantial, and the current account deficit is expected to remain “well within sustainable levels.”
Domestic consumption is making a strong comeback, traditionally one of the main drivers of India’s economic growth. This is great news for businesses of all sizes. Simply put, when consumers spend more, businesses have more capital to invest in, and increased liquidity throughout the system energises complementary sectors and higher-end goods and services.
But what is the significance of this surge in domestic consumption?
One, as the festive season approaches, these numbers are likely to rise even more. Between August and November, when sales of everything from two-wheelers to real estate are at their peak, Indian consumers tend to spend more. Given how quickly consumption has recovered, the figures for the next three quarters will likely be even better.
Two, for better or worse, demand continues to drive India’s growth story. In a typical fiscal year, private expenditure accounts for approximately 55 per cent of the total national GDP. Furthermore, it has a significant impact on the next major growth driver, Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), which accounts for the money invested by businesses. As a result, strong domestic consumption translates unintentionally into strong economic growth.
Three, rising household consumption will boost demand for goods and services across industries, especially those involving significant amounts of “discretionary” or luxury spending. Product segments influenced by “premiumisation” trends are included in the latter. These include everything from chocolates and alcoholic beverages to laptops and headphones, as well as clothing and cosmetics. In some categories, such as automobiles, demand for premium products has outpaced demand for entry-level variants. In FY22, for example, premium car sales increased 38 per cent year on year, while lower-priced car sales increased only 7 per cent.
Why is luxury spending increasing in India?
Rising consumer incomes and purchasing power are aiding it: average per capita income has already surpassed USD 2,000 and is expected to exceed USD 12,000 by 2047. Furthermore, the rapid growth of the e-commerce sector and digital transactions has increased customer access to the luxury market. Furthermore, as consumers have become more value- and customisation-oriented, previously dominated by HNWIs, premium segments are rapidly diversifying to include Millennials and non-metro consumers. The typical cohort of HNI and NRI customers has also expanded to include affluent middle-class consumers in some segments, most notably luxury housing, due to the proliferation of remote and hybrid working models.
Furthermore, the premium product space is still in its early stages and remains largely untapped. As a result, market participants have numerous opportunities. For example, while the Indian smartphone market fell by 1 per cent year on year in H1CY22, the premium segment increased by 83 per cent. This segment, however, accounts for only 6 per cent of the total smartphone market.
As domestic consumption continues to rise, premiumisation trends will be boosted across other sectors, from quick-service restaurants (QSRs) and home products to hospitality and healthcare. This has happened before. According to Jun Nie and Andrew Palmer’s paper “Consumer Spending in China: The Past and the Future,” the threefold increase in household spending in China between 2000 and 2015 was accompanied by a sevenfold increase in spending on transportation and communication services.
So, where can investors find investment opportunities?
Discretionary consumption and premiumisation will account for a disproportionate share of growth.
Hospitality and tourism players will benefit from increased air travel, increased demand for top-tier hotels and resorts.
The automotive industry’s clientele for premium car models will become more diverse, especially as the EV revolution gains traction.
The prospects for the entertainment sector are just as promising, with people willing to pay for subscription packages and remain loyal customers even in tier-2 and tier-3 cities as long as there is content worth the money.
Companies in real estate, home-related products, and the FMCG personal care space will also benefit greatly.
The key takeaway is that Indian consumer markets will continue to be a key focus area for global public and private equity investors. Existing and new companies will generate hundreds of billions of dollars in market capitalisation.
To summarise, domestic demand will likely continue to drive India’s economic growth story, which will be increasingly influenced by the discretionary spending of a growing cohort of “premium” consumers. This trend presents an important opportunity for investors to get a head start on a veritable 21st-century gold rush.
(The views expressed in this article are personal and that of the authors. The authors head AltG, a firm that Offers Proprietary Research That Clients Leverage to Identify and Execute High Growth Capital Allocation Opportunities. You can reach them at ideas@altgind.com)
Business
Indian markets open nearly 1 pc higher; IT stocks lead rally

Mumbai, July 29: Indian equity markets opened sharply higher on Wednesday, with the benchmark indices gaining nearly 1 per cent each as investors awaited the US Federal Reserve’s policy decision.
Sensex opened at 77,423.77, up 657.85 points or 0.86 per cent, while the Nifty started at 24,176.65, rising 191.30 points or 0.80 per cent.
Sector-wise, most indices traded in the green in early deals, led by Nifty IT which jumped over 2 per cent.
Meanwhile, Nifty MidSmall IT & Telecom gained 1 per cent, followed by Nifty Chemicals (0.99 per cent) and Nifty FMCG (0.81 per cent).
On the downside, Nifty Realty fell 0.39 per cent, while Nifty Oil & Gas slipped 0.15 per cent.
Analysts said global markets remained mixed ahead of the Fed’s policy decision and key corporate earnings, while higher Brent crude prices amid renewed geopolitical tensions could keep commodity prices volatile.
They said the market’s current range-bound trend is likely to break on the upside, supported by fairly valued Nifty stocks, though sustained FII buying would depend on greater clarity over crude oil prices and the progress of the monsoon.
The Fed is widely expected to keep rates unchanged, a move that is already priced into Indian markets and is therefore unlikely to trigger a significant reaction, analysts added.
Additionally, Brent crude rose 4.85 per cent to $88.17 per barrel, while US WTI crude gained 5 per cent to $83.30 per barrel.
Asian markets traded mixed, with Japan’s Nikkei down 2 per cent, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng up over 1 per cent and South Korea’s KOSPI falling nearly 9 per cent.
Wall Street ended mixed overnight, with S&P 500 gaining 0.21 per cent while the Nasdaq slipped 0.22 per cent.
Business
Indian Railways approves Rs 163 crore electric traction upgradation in Nanded division

New Delhi, July 28: In a significant step towards strengthening railway infrastructure and enhancing network capacity, Indian Railways has sanctioned the upgradation of the electric traction system on the Parbhani-Mudkhed double line section in Nanded division of South Central Railway, according to a statement issued by the Ministry of Railways on Tuesday.
The project, which also includes associated power supply installation works, has been sanctioned at a cost of Rs 163 crore, converting the existing 1×25 kV electric traction system to a more advanced 2×25 kV system over a stretch of 164 track kilometres, supported by upgraded power supply infrastructure to meet the enhanced electrical load, the statement said.
The Parbhani-Mudkhed section forms part of the strategically important Highly Utilised Network (HUN) Route-9, connecting Ajmer-Indore-Khandwa-Akola-Purna-Mudkhed-Secunderabad-Mahbubnagar-Dhone.
The upgraded traction system will strengthen power supply for train operations, enabling the section to handle higher freight volumes and support the running of Vande Bharat Express trains. It will also contribute to Indian Railways’ goal of achieving 3,000 million tonnes of freight loading by 2029-30, the statement said.
The project is part of the continuing efforts of Indian Railways to modernise electrical infrastructure and improve operational efficiency on high-density corridors across the country.
The country has emerged as the global leader with the largest electrified railway network in the world. With 99.6 per cent electrification of the country’s broad gauge track network, India is second only to Switzerland which has 100 per cent railway electrification, but the network is much smaller, Railways Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw informed the Lok Sabha earlier this month.
India’s railway network electrification is ahead of China (82 per cent), Spain 67 (per cent), Japan (64 per cent), France (60 per cent) the United Kingdom (39 per cent).
Indian Railways has undertaken one of the fastest railway electrification programmes in the world.
Electrification of the track network on Indian Railways has been taken up in mission mode with a massive 48,072 route km being electrified between 2014-2026. This represents a sharp acceleration compared to the 21,801 route km that was electrified in the 60 years before this period, the minister stated.
Business
77 pc Indian companies see AI reshaping workspaces: Report

New Delhi, July 28: Indian companies score above global peers on AI readiness but only 19 per cent have started changing office space and operations to reflect that, with a 58‑point gap between recognition and execution, a report said.
The report from JLL said 77 per cent of Indian business leaders recognise AI will need changes implemented in the workspace.
“AI will add jobs, not cut them, according to India’s business leaders, but a shortage of skills, not money, is now the biggest hurdle to change,” the report said.
Nearly 58 per cent respondents expect workforce growth over the next three to five years and 62 per cent said AI will make human roles more valuable rather than replace them.
The survey of over 2,200 CEOs, CFOs and real estate heads across 21 countries found “Indian companies are ahead of the rest of the world in putting AI to use in how they plan and run their offices”.
India scored higher than the global average on all eight AI-related measures tracked.
“For the first time in 15 years of tracking this data, 46 per cent of Indian companies cite skills shortage as their primary barrier versus only 35 per cent citing budget, capability now outweighs cost,” said Ajit Kumar – Managing Director, Work Dynamics Accounts, West Asia, JLL.
Kumar mentioned the skills gap as a positive inflection point, because skills can be developed internally and sourced externally far more readily than waiting for capital allocation cycles.
“The companies that reframe this as a skills development challenge rather than a budget constraint—and invest in the 50 per cent who are prioritizing AI support and infrastructure—will define India’s workplace transformation over the next decade,” he added.
Nearly 56 per cent of India firms track AI trends against 46 per cent globally and 45 per cent Indian companies run staff training and change programmes against the global average of 36 per cent.
“Nearly one in five Indian companies (19 per cent) say they have reached the most advanced stage of using AI in their real estate operations, against 15 per cent globally. Counting those still scaling up, 47 per cent are actively rolling out AI, against 42 per cent worldwide,” the report said.
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