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Scientists unravel how early life experiences reshape our genes, brain health

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Toronto, Jan 1: A team of researchers has provided crucial insights into how early-life experiences become biologically embedded, affecting long-term health outcomes by reshaping our genes and brain health.

In a comprehensive Genomic Press Interview published in the journal Genomic Psychiatry, renowned neuroscientist Dr Michael Meaney from McGill University in Canada revealed pivotal discoveries about the intricate relationship between genes and environment in shaping brain health.

“I have always been genuinely fascinated by the search for the developmental origins of individual differences in brain development and function,” said Dr Meaney, whose work has earned him election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Order of Canada.

Dr Meaney’s research journey began with a simple question: what makes individuals different from one another?

This curiosity led him to groundbreaking discoveries in epigenetics — the study of how environmental factors can influence gene expression without changing DNA sequences.

“We too readily embrace narratives and technology that appeal to the general public, achieve headlines, and attract venture capital, but are far too simplistic to capture the complex reality of brain health truly,” observed Dr Meaney.

The findings raise intriguing questions about how society might better support child development: How can we translate these scientific insights into practical interventions? What role do different types of early experiences play in shaping resilience?

The Genomic Press interview is part of a larger series that highlights the people behind today’s most influential scientific ideas. Each interview in the series offers a blend of cutting-edge research and personal reflections, providing readers with a comprehensive view of the scientists shaping the future.

This format provides an ideal starting point for profiles that delve into the scientist’s impact on the field, while also touching on broader human themes, said study authors.

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Maharashtra: Over 250 People Fall Ill Due To Suspected Food Poisoning At Kolhapur Fair; Investigation Underway

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Kolhapur: More than 250 persons fell ill due to suspected food poisoning after attending a village fair in western Maharashtra’s Kolhapur district, police said on Wednesday.

About 50 persons were undergoing treatment at hospital at Shirol at present and the condition of all of them was said to be stable, said an official of Kurundwad police station.

A fair had been organised at Shivnakwadi village on Tuesday where `kheer’, a sweet preparation made from milk, was served as `prasad’, he said.

Statement Of A Police Official

“People started complaining of diarrhoea, nausea and fever since today morning. So far, 255 people have fallen sick due to suspected food poisoning. Most of them are claiming that they had `kheer’ at the fair. But there were food stalls too,” the police official said.

More than 50 persons were undergoing treatment at the hospital and the rest were discharged, he said, adding that all the admitted patients were stable.

“Food samples from the fair have been sent to the forensic laboratory to ascertain if it was food poisoning,” said the official.

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Union Budget: FM exempts basic customs duty on 36 life-saving drugs; boosts medical tourism

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New Delhi, Feb 1: Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Saturday announced exemptions on basic customs duty on 36 life-saving drugs and also gave a big boost to medical tourism.

“Basic customs duty exempted for 36 life-saving drugs, while 6 life-saving drugs will have 5 per cent customs duty,” the FM said, as she presented her eighth consecutive budget and the NDA government’s second full Union Budget of its third term.

“This will provide relief to patients, particularly those suffering from cancer, rare diseases, and other severe chronic diseases,” the FM said.

In a significant move for Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs), the FM waived off customs duty on medicines provided through the programme, expanding access to essential drugs for those in financial distress.

About 13 more patient assistance programs have been added to significantly benefit underprivileged patients.

Further, in a bid to boost medical tourism in the country, the FM announced, a ‘Heal in India’ campaign in partnership with the private sector.

Visa procedures have also been simplified for patients seeking treatment in India to enhance the country’s medical tourism sector.

Medical Tourism in India is estimated to be around $9 billion.

On the Global Medical Tourism Index, India stands at number 10.

The country has seen significant growth in medical tourism in the past year, especially due to the rise of the AYUSH system (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy).

In 2023, the government also implemented medical visa provisions to facilitate the entry of international tourists seeking health and wellness treatments in the country.

Announcing the Union Budget, FM Sitharaman also announced 10,000 additional seats in medical colleges as well as daycare cancer centres in all district hospitals.

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Union Budget 2025-26: 10,000 additional seats in medical colleges, daycare cancer centres

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New Delhi, Feb 1: Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Saturday announced 10,000 additional seats in medical colleges as well as daycare cancer centres in all district hospitals.

Presenting her eighth consecutive budget and the NDA government’s second full Union Budget of its third term, the Finance Minister said that India has seen remarkable growth in medical education in the last 10 years.

“10,000 additional seats to be added in medical colleges next year and 75,000 seats to be added in next five years,” she said.

“All district hospitals to have daycare cancer centres. About 200 daycare cancer centres will be established in 2025-26,” the FM said.

Further, “broadband connectivity to primary health centres will help in expanding telemedicine consultation for rural patients at village level”, she added.

In the last 10 years, medical colleges in the country have doubled to 780 in 2024-25 from just 387 in 2013-14 — a 102 per cent growth.

During the same period, the seats for MBBS also rose from 51,348 to 1,18,137 — a 130 per cent surge.

In the last budget, the government made custom duty exemptions and a reduction in GST rates on three anti-cancer medications.

The three anti-cancer drugs were Trastuzumab, Osimertinib and Durvalumab.

The government also slashed the GST rate from 12 per cent to 5 per cent on these three cancer medicines.

Cancer cases are rising significantly in India. According to a Lancet study, India registered about 12 lakh new cancer cases and 9.3 lakh deaths in 2019 — the second-highest contributor to the disease burden in Asia.

The number climbed to 13.9 lakh in 2020, which further soared to 14.2 lakh and 14.6 lakh in the years 2021 and 2022, respectively, the study showed.

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