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Parliament proceedings | Lok Sabha passes Bills to replace British-era criminal laws

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The Lok Sabha on Wednesday passed three amended Bills that seek to repeal and replace criminal laws which date back to colonial times. This criminal law reform brings terrorism offences into a general crime law for the first time, drops the crime of sedition, and makes mob lynching punishable by death.

The Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita Bill (BNSS) will replace the Indian Penal Code, 1860; the Bharatiya Sakshya (Second) Bill (BSS) will replace the Indian Evidence Act, 1872; and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha (Second) Sanhita Bill (BNSSS) will replace the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898. All three were discussed and passed with a voice-vote, in the absence of the majority of Opposition members from INDIA bloc parties, as 97 of them have been suspended during this session.

Home Minister Amit Shah said that the three Bills stressed justice rather than punishment, and have been designed to last for the next century, keeping technological advancements in mind. “This is a pure Indian law after removing all the British imprints. As long as we are in power, we cannot become a police State,” the Minister said.He moved an amendment to the BNSS, which will exclude doctors from criminal prosecution for death due to medical negligence, and will make hit-and-run accident cases punishable by ten years imprisonment.

‘No sympathy for terrorists’

Noting that more than one lakh people have been killed in terror attacks across the country over the past 75 years, Mr. Shah said that the BNSS had, for the first time, defined terrorism and included it as a separate category in the general crime law.

Also read | The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita needs a relook

“Some members pointed out that UAPA [the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act] already exists. But in places where they were in power, they never invoked UAPA and those who committed acts of terrorism escaped under the provisions of general law,” Mr. Shah said. “We have shut the doors for such people to escape punishment by including terrorism in the criminal law. Terrorism is the biggest enemy of human rights. Such people should get the harshest of punishment. This is not Congress or British rule, how can you defend terrorists?” he asked.

Mr. Shah insisted that there was no scope for misuse of the terror provisions in the BNSS, but claimed that there was undue fear which made some Opposition MPs oppose the laws. “I insist that this fear should persist. There should be no sympathy for people who commit terrorist acts,” he said.

Earlier in the debate, Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) leader Harsimrat Kaur Badal, while speaking about Punjabi youth who took to militancy swayed by emotions, claimed that the two men who had jumped inside the Lok Sabha chamber on December 13 had also been affected by their emotions on the issues of unemployment, Manipur violence, and farmers’ rights. The two men, along with four associates, have been booked under UAPA, among other charges. The SAD leader also flagged the absence of a majority of the Opposition members, saying that key Bills should not be passed in such a manner.

Rajdroha vs deshdroha

The Home Minister said that sedition has been repealed in the new law. “We have replaced an individual with the country. Rajdroha (sedition or offence against the government) has been replaced with deshdroha (offence against the nation or country). Gandhi, Tilak, Patel all went to jail under this particular British law, yet it was never scrapped by the Opposition when they were in power. It continued all these years,” he said.

“[AIMIM MP Asaduddin] Owaisi ji is thinking that we have merely changed the name of sedition. I want to say that this is an independent country. Nobody will be sent to jail for criticising the government, but you cannot say anything against the country or do anything against the interests of the country. If you harm the flag or the property of the country, you will be sent to jail,” Mr. Shah said.

Also read |Revised criminal law bills: Key changes explained

‘Muslims, Dalits will be hurt’

Earlier, Mr. Owaisi said that the new laws would impact minority and underprivileged communities the most, adding that they did not have any safeguards against police excess and fabricated evidence. “Most undertrial prisoners are Adivasi, Dalits and Muslims. The conviction rate of Muslim inmates is 16% and their population is 14%. As many as 30% detenues in jails are Muslims. 76% backward class, Dalits and religious minorities are on death-row. You are reforming [the law] for the powerful; this will not benefit the poor,” Mr. Owaisi said.

He pointed out that Clause 187 of the BNSSS permits police custody of up to 90 days, as against the 15-day custody allowed till now. The law also prevents any third party from filing mercy petitions on behalf of convicts on death-row.

Mr. Owaisi added that it was an irony that people accused of terror charges themselves were also speaking in Parliament on the Bill. The BJP MP from Bhopal, Pragya Singh Thakur, faces charges under UAPA, with regard to her alleged involvement in the 2008 Malegaon blast where six people were killed. She spoke during the debate on the Bill, claiming that the British-era laws had been misused to torture her in police custody for 13 days.

‘Definition of terror is too broad’

Krishna Devarayalu Lavu of the YSR Congress also objected to the clause permitting 90 days of police custody. He noted that recently, three contentious farm laws had been withdrawn after farmers staged a peaceful protest. “They protested so their rights can be taken care of. If you invoke sections pertaining to attack on sovereignty of the country, it does not make any sense. The definition of terrorist acts is too broad,” the YSR Congress MP said.

Mr. Shah, however, insisted that the total police custody would only be 15 days. “If, after the first seven days of police questioning, someone gets admitted in hospital, the person will have to appear before the police for another eight days after recovering or getting discharged. Meanwhile, courts can also grant bail,” he said.

Crime

NEET paper leak: Judicial custody of kingpin PV Kulkarni, coaching director extended till July 8

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New Delhi, June 24: A Delhi court on Wednesday extended till July 8 the judicial custody of two accused in the NEET-UG 2026 paper leak case being investigated by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).

The accused P.V. Kulkarni and Shivaraj Motegaonkar were produced before the Rouse Avenue Court on the expiry of their earlier 14-day judicial custody.

The court directed that both accused remain in judicial custody till July 8.

According to the CBI, Kulkarni, a retired Chemistry professor from Maharashtra’s Latur, was the mastermind behind the alleged paper leak network.

The probe agency has claimed that he was associated with the National Testing Agency’s (NTA) question paper-setting process for several years and misused his access to leak examination content to selected candidates through special coaching sessions conducted in Pune.

Motegaonkar, the director of Latur-based RCC Coaching Institute, is alleged to have played a key role in the dissemination of the leaked paper.

Investigators claim that examination questions and their answers reached him nearly 10 days before the conduct of the NEET-UG 2026 examination.

According to the CBI, Motegaonkar allegedly procured the leaked paper through Kulkarni and co-accused Manisha Mandhare, who is suspected to have played a crucial role in the Biology paper leak.

The CBI had earlier arrested Motegaonkar, stating that he owned the RCC Coaching Institute, which operates nine branches with its main centre in Latur and prepares students for the NEET-UG examination.

The probe agency said searches conducted at the institute and Motegaonkar’s residence led to the recovery of a Chemistry question bank containing questions identical to those that appeared in the now-cancelled NEET-UG 2026 examination held on May 3.

The CBI registered the case on May 12 based on a written complaint received from the Department of Higher Education under the Union Ministry of Education. Following registration of the FIR, special teams were constituted, and searches were carried out at multiple locations across the country.

Earlier this month, the Rouse Avenue Court extended till June 29 the judicial custody of 10 other accused in the case, including Yash Yadav, Mangilal Biwal, Dinesh Biwal, Vikas Biwal, Dhananjay Lokhande, Tejas Harshad Shah, Shubham Khairnar, Manisha Waghmare, Manisha Sanjay Havaldar and Dr Manoj Shirure.

The court had also permitted the CBI to interrogate certain accused inside jail as part of its continuing investigation. The CBI has so far arrested 13 accused in connection with the alleged network involved in procuring and circulating NEET-UG question papers before the examination.

Meanwhile, the National Testing Agency successfully conducted the NEET-UG 2026 re-examination on June 21 after the original examination was cancelled amid concerns over irregularities.

More than 20 lakh medical aspirants appeared at 5,440 examination centres across India and 14 centres abroad. Authorities deployed nearly 7 lakh personnel, including examination staff, police officers, observers and administrative officials, to ensure the smooth conduct of the re-test.

Over 95,000 examination rooms were monitored through more than 1.38 lakh CCTV cameras, while over 51,000 signal jammers were installed to prevent electronic malpractice.

The re-examination was conducted under extensive security measures, including Aadhaar-based biometric verification, facial authentication, two-layer frisking, real-time surveillance and command-and-control centre monitoring, aimed at ensuring transparency and preserving the integrity of one of the country’s largest entrance examinations.

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Mallikarjun Kharge, son Priyank usurped land belonging to poor through Siddharth Vihar Trust: BJP

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New Delhi, June 24: The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on Wednesday levelled serious allegations of land grabbing and corruption in Karnataka against Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge and his son, Priyank Kharge, involving the Siddhartha Vihar Trust, claiming that there are multiple instances where the Kharge family has “usurped land belonging to the poor”.

Addressing a press conference at the BJP headquarters in New Delhi, party spokesperson Pradeep Bhandari stated that Mallikarjun Kharge and his son are involved in corruption and land grabbing in Karnataka through a trust named the Siddharth Vihar Trust.

The trust includes Mallikarjun Kharge, his son Priyank Kharge, his son-in-law, and his wife as members.

“Mallikarjun Kharge and his son, through a trust, are involved in land grabbing and corruption in Karnataka. The name of this trust is Siddhartha Vihara Trust. The trust includes Mallikarjun Kharge, his son Priyank Kharge, his son-in-law, and his wife. I will place before you not one but multiple cases of alleged corruption, showing how Mallikarjun Kharge, through this trust, occupied different parcels of land and used his power and influence to grab land belonging to the poor and attempted land loot at various locations.”

Bhandari presented multiple cases of alleged corruption involving Mallikarjun Kharge, demonstrating how the Congress chief used the trust to take possession of various land parcels, leveraged his power and influence to “usurp land belonging to the poor”, and attempted to “grab land” in several locations.

The first case of land loot, Bhandari claimed, is when in 2024, the Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) allotted five acres of land to the Siddhartha Vihar Trust when the Congress government was in power, “under the pretext of research and development in aerospace and defence”.

The BJP spokesperson stated that the land was for industrial use but was instead granted to the trust.

“The question arises: did Mallikarjun Kharge and Priyank Kharge misuse their power and influence to grab five acres of industrial land in Karnataka, worth Rs 100 crore, through a private trust? Remember, Rahul Gandhi and the entire Gandhi-Vadra family – Robert Vadra, his brother-in-law – have also faced similar land grab allegations, and cases are ongoing. The same modus operandi that the Gandhi-Vadra family used for land loot has been repeated by Mallikarjun Kharge through the Siddharth Vihara Trust — a prime industrial land worth Rs 100 crore,” he added.

Bhandari stated that the Congress government in Karnataka allotted 19 acres of land to Kharge’s private trust.

“This meant that 19 acres of government land effectively became the private property of a trust whose members include Mallikarjun Kharge and his family. Did Mallikarjun Kharge use his power and influence to usurp this 19-acre plot in Gulbarga? The Congress party must answer why this land was misappropriated; Kharge faces allegations of corruption regarding this land grab and needs to come forward with a response,” he stated.

Referring to another instance, he remarked that the Siddharth Vihar Trust engaged in a “highly unusual act by fielding a ‘dummy’ seller”.

“The trust intended to transfer the land, and it ultimately ended up permanently with Mallikarjun Kharge’s private trust in Gulbarga. To this day, no one knows the identity of this seller. Thus, as a third method of corruption, Mallikarjun Kharge employed a dummy seller,” Bhandari added.

“Just as Robert Vadra grabs land wherever he sees it – and cases are ongoing against him – exactly the same is happening with the Siddhartha Vihara Trust. Wherever there is land in Karnataka, Mallikarjun Kharge, using his influence, grabs it through this trust. Kharge will have to answer for this,” the BJP leader added.

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Shia Muslim mourners join Muharram procession in J&K’s Srinagar

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Srinagar, June 24: Hundreds of Shia Muslim mourners on Wednesday joined the Muharram procession in Jammu and Kashmir’s Srinagar city as authorities made elaborate security arrangements for the smooth and peaceful conduct of the procession.

Black flags dotted the roads as volunteers opened stalls to provide refreshments to people joining the Muharram procession, which began at Guru Bazar and culminated in the Dalgate area.

A huge number of people wearing black dresses beat their chests to remember the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the grandson of the Prophet of Islam.

While the volunteers at the refreshment stalls provided water and cold drinks to the mourners, the medical department had set up makeshift camps along the procession route to provide healthcare facilities.

Mourners murmured elegies in remembrance of the Martys of Karbala.

The procession moved with absolute discipline through Budshah Chowk, the Maulana Azad Road and finally to the Dalgate area.

To streamline the movement of mourners, traffic department officials had made special route regulation arrangements providing traffic-free passage to the procession and an alternative route to those coming from outside the city.

Special parking arrangements were made for people joining the procession in Batmaloo and other places beyond the route designated for the procession.

No untoward incident occurred during the procession as senior civil and police officials remained present.

Muharram processions were disallowed by the authorities after terrorism started in Kashmir in the 1990s. With the improvement in the overall situation, authorities have been allowing this traditional procession during the last three years.

As per the Shias, Imam Hussain went on the invitation of the people in Kufa along with his family and supporters to make peace, while the army of Yezid surrounded them at Karbala near the banks of the Euphrates River. Denying water even to the minor children during the siege. Imam Hussain refused to surrender to evil and chose martyrdom to write the history of the triumph of truth over evil with his blood.

The Battle of Karbala was a tragic historical event fought on October 10, 680 CE (10th of Muharram, 61 AH) on the plains near the Euphrates River in modern-day Iraq. It resulted in the massacre of Husayn ibn Ali — the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad — and his small caravan by the massive army of the Umayyad Caliph, Yazid. Although Shia Muslims carry out mourning processions during the month of Muharram, the mourning to commemorate the martyrdom of Imam Hussain is common to both Shia and Sunni Muslims alike.

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