National News
‘50% ceiling in reservation only for SC/ST, OBC’: SC in EWS quota verdict
The Supreme Court on Monday said the 50 per cent ceiling for reservation – which was fixed in 1992 in Mandal Commission case by a nine-judge bench – is applicable only to the SC/ST and OBC categories and the 10 per cent reservation economically weaker section (EWS) was over and above the limit.
Justices Dinesh Maheshwari, Bela M. Trivedi, and J.B. Pardiwala upheld the validity of the EWS quota. However, Chief Justice U.U. Lalit and Justice S. Ravindra Bhat, held the amendments by creating a different kind of criteria, becomes a gateway for further infractions which, in fact, would result in compartmentalization.
Justice Bhat, who authored the judgment for himself and on behalf of the Chief Justice, said: “The impugned amendments by creating a different kind of criteria, have to be viewed separately and that Indra Sawhney was confined to reservations in Articles 15(4) and 16 (4) is because permitting the breach of the 50 per cent rule as it were through this reasoning, becomes a gateway for further infractions whereby which in fact would result in compartmentalisation; the rule of reservation could dealt well become rule of equality or the right to equality, could then easily be reduced to right to reservation…”
He added that the observations of Dr B.R. Ambedkar have to be kept in mind that the reservations are to be seen temporary and exceptional or else they would “eat up the rule of equality”.
Justice Bhat said: “I find that there is no need for a specific finding on the 50 per cent cap, or its breach of the basic structure; however I deem it necessary to sound a note of caution, on the consequence of upholding the reservation, thereby, breaching the 50 per cent limit.”
He also sounded cautionary note as 69 per cent reservation in Tamil Nadu was pending adjudication and the majority view may seal its fate without hearing the parties concerned.
“The view of the members of this bench constituting the majority – that creation of another class which can be a recipient of up to 10 per cent of the reservation, over and above 50 per cent, which is permitted under Articles 15(4) or 16(4), in my considered opinion, therefore, has a direct bearing on the likely outcome in the challenge in that proceeding. I would therefore sound this cautionary note since this judgment may well seal the fate of the pending litigation – without the benefit of hearing in those proceedings,” he said.
On the other hand, Justice Maheshwari said the ceiling limit itself is not inflexible and in any case, and it applies only to the reservations envisaged by Articles 15(4), 15(5) and 16(4) of the Constitution.
He said that the 50 per cent ceiling proposition would obviously be applied only to those reservations which were in place before the amendment in question. “Prescription of ceiling limit of 50 per cent, being apparently for the benefit of general merit candidates, does not provide any justified cause to the candidates standing in the bracket of already available reservation to raise any grievance about extra 10 per cent reservation for the benefit of another section of society in need of affirmative action,” he said.
National News
Bengaluru schoolboy dies after collapsing in classroom; parents allege negligence

Bengaluru, July 16: A 12-year-old student of a private school in Bengaluru died after collapsing inside his classroom, with his family alleging that negligence on the part of the school management resulted in the tragedy. The family has lodged a complaint with the Konanakunte police station, following which an FIR was registered on Thursday.
The deceased has been identified as Arhan Pasha, a student of a school located in Weavers Colony on Bannerghatta Road. Although the incident occurred on June 10, it came to light only recently after the family raised allegations against the school administration.
According to the parents, Arhan had gone to school after having lunch and appeared to be in good health. “He said goodbye to his father before leaving for school. We never imagined that would be the last time we would see him alive,” a family member said.
The family alleged that Arhan had informed his class teacher that he was feeling unwell and was experiencing dizziness. However, they claimed that his complaints were ignored and that he was asked to remain quiet and return to his seat.
“Our son told his teachers that he was not feeling well. Other children later informed us that the teacher asked him to sit down instead of attending to him. We send our children to school trusting the management and staff, but they showed complete carelessness,” the grieving parents alleged.
According to the complaint, Arhan later collapsed on a classroom bench during school hours. The family has alleged that he remained inside the school premises for nearly 45 minutes before they were informed about the incident.
The parents further claimed that the school management failed to arrange an ambulance or immediately shift the boy to a hospital. Instead, after being informed, family members rushed to the school and transported Arhan to a hospital on a two-wheeler.
“The doctors told us that if he had been brought to the hospital even 10 minutes earlier, he could have been saved. The school could have at least called an ambulance. There are around 30 teachers in the school, but no one cares. I don’t want any other family to go through what we have suffered,” Arhan’s parents said.
Konanakunte police have registered an Unnatural Death Report (UDR) and are investigating the circumstances surrounding the incident. Police have also collected CCTV footage from the school as part of the investigation.
Responding to the allegations, the school management denied any negligence.
Ranju, a teacher at the school, said Arhan appeared normal when he arrived at school that day.
“He had taken permission to go to the washroom and later returned to the classroom and sat on the last bench. He was writing notes when he suddenly collapsed onto the lap of another student, who immediately alerted us,” she said.
“When I spoke to Arhan, he responded and addressed me as ‘Madam’ twice. We initially believed he had fainted due to the heat and massaged his hands and legs. By then, the headmistress had arrived, and arrangements were made to shift him. There was no driver available as it was lunchtime, which delayed the use of the school vehicle,” she added.
The teacher further stated that Arhan had been absent for two days before the incident and had informed her that he had attended a wedding during that period.
“If we had known he was seriously ill, we would have immediately sent him home,” she said.
Police said further investigation is underway to determine whether there was any lapse on the part of the school management in responding to the medical emergency.
Business
Govt proposes new fuel economy norms for cars from April 1, 2027

New Delhi, July 16: The Ministry of Power on Thursday circulated the draft Corporate Average Fuel Economy 2027 Norms (CAFE-III) for stakeholder consultation, which propose a fresh five-year fuel efficiency regime for passenger vehicles, beginning from April 1, 2027.
The draft norms apply to M1 category vehicles, a classification that covers passenger cars carrying up to eight people besides the driver, which includes all hatchbacks, sedans and SUVs sold for personal use. The category excludes commercial goods carriers and buses, according to an official statement.
The existing CAFE-II norms are likely to lapse on March 31, 2027. Compliance under CAFE-III will be assessed in two phases, the first covering three years and the second the remaining two, with fuel efficiency targets progressing to more stringent levels through each passing year.
The framework, overseen by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency under the Ministry of Power, aims to bring down average fleet emissions from current levels to a significantly lower threshold by FY32, according to earlier drafts reported in the media.
Compliance credits have been priced at Rs 2,500 each, rising by Rs 500 every year through the period, with unused credits expiring once the compliance period ends. Automakers that fail to meet targets could face penalties, though the detailed amounts have not been mentioned. Manufacturers selling fewer than 1,000 vehicles annually will remain exempt.
Industry has differed in its response to earlier versions of the draft. The Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) has backed the proposal as balanced, while some carmakers have pushed for relief on small petrol cars and others have opposed differentiated treatment for that segment.
The ministry has invited suggestions from stakeholders and the public. Feedback can be sent to the Under Secretary, Energy Conservation, at the ministry’s New Delhi office, or can be emailed.
The last date for submissions is August 6, 2026. The draft norms will also be uploaded on the websites of the Ministry of Power and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency shortly, the statement said.
M1 vehicles are subject to stringent fuel efficiency and emission targets under Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) norms, which are regularly updated to reduce greenhouse gases.
National News
Hindu student of Hyderabad school asked to read ‘Kalma’

Hyderabad, July 16: A controversy erupted at a private school in Hyderabad following an allegation that a Hindu student of Class 2 was assigned Islamic religious verses as homework.
The student was asked to recite ‘Kalima’ and ‘Sura Fatiha’. The incident occurred at a school in the Saidabad area.
The parents of the student confronted the school management, questioning the appropriateness of such an act within an academic environment.
The parents lodged their protest with the management of ‘Success’ school and demanded action against the teacher involved.
Following the protest, the school management sacked the teacher. She has been permanently disqualified from applying for employment in future in the ‘Success’ group of educational institutions.
According to the parents, the teacher had given the homework on July 15. “Read Sura Fatiha”, mentioned in the school diary under the subject ‘Deeniyath’. Earlier on July 11, the teacher had written ‘Read Kalima’, but the same was struck off by the teacher, apparently after realising that the subject did not apply to the non-Muslim student.
According to the school management, almost all the students in the school are Muslims, and they have the subject of ‘Deeniyath’ or Islamic teaching. However, the subject is not taught to non-Muslim students.
‘Kalima’ is the Islamic declaration of faith and testimony, while ‘Surah Fatiha’ is the first chapter of the Holy Quran.
The management clarified that it was an inadvertent mistake, but they still took the action of terminating the services of the teacher.
Meanwhile, independent MLA T. Raja Singh Lodh condemned the incident. He said it was deeply shameful that a Class 2 student was allegedly pressured by the school management to recite the Kalma.
“This is not the first such case in Telangana; there have been several similar incidents in the past. Yesterday, when the parents of the child went to the school and questioned the management about how they could pressure their Hindu child to recite the Kalma, the school authorities had no answer,” he said
He demanded that Chief Minister Revanth Reddy take action against schools which are forcing Hindu children to recite ‘Kalma’.
The former BJP MLA questioned the silence of AIMIM chief and Hyderabad MP Asaduddin Owaisi on the issue.
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